The Open Biology Journal
2020, 8 : 47-65Published online 2020 October 15. DOI: 10.2174/1874196702008010047
Publisher ID: TOBIOJ-8-47
REVIEW ARTICLE
Role of Genes and Treatments for Parkinson’s Disease
Address correspondence to this author at the Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Tel: 0571-2700920-3447; E-mail: yasir_hasansiddique@rediffmail.com
ABSTRACT
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that mainly results due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. It is well known that dopamine is synthesized in substantia nigra and is transported to the striatum via nigrostriatal tract. Besides the sporadic forms of PD, there are also familial cases of PD and number of genes (both autosomal dominant as well as recessive) are responsible for PD. There is no permanent cure for PD and to date, L-dopa therapy is considered to be the best option besides having dopamine agonists. In the present review, we have described the genes responsible for PD, the role of dopamine, and treatment strategies adopted for controlling the progression of PD in humans.